Friday, March 5, 2010

Pollution (Air, Water, and Terrestrial - Causes, effects)

Oil Pollution Emissions
Oil Pollution Emissions
Photo: Graeme MacLean


So what is pollution? In order to get a better understanding of it, let’s have a look at some common definitions.


Environmental pollution is “the contamination of the physical and biological components of the earth/atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental processes are adversely affected”. (1)

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or that damage the environment” which can come “in the form of chemical substances, or energy such as noise, heat or light”. “Pollutants can be naturally occurring substances or energies, but are considered contaminants when in excess of natural levels.” (2)

Pollution is “the addition of any substance or form of energy (e.g., heat, sound, radioactivity) to the environment at a rate faster than the environment can accommodate it by dispersion, breakdown, recycling, or storage in some harmless form”. (3)

Pollution is a special case of habitat destruction; it is chemical destruction rather than the more obvious physical destruction. Pollution occurs in all habitats—land, sea, and fresh water—and in the atmosphere.” (4)

“Much of what we have come to call pollution is in reality the nonrecoverable matter resources and waste heat.” (5)

“Any use of natural resources at a rate higher than nature's capacity to restore itself can result in pollution of air, water, and land.” (6)

Pollution is habitat contamination”. (7)



environmental pollution

Perhaps the overriding theme of these definitions is the ability of the environment to absorb and adapt to changes brought about by human activities.

In one word, environmental pollution takes place when the environment cannot process and neutralize harmful by-products of human activities (for example, poisonous gas emissions) in due course without any structural or functional damage to its system.

In fact, “the due course” itself may last many years during which the nature will attempt to decompose the pollutants; in one of the worst cases – that of radioactive pollutants – it may take as long as thousands of years for the decomposition of such pollutants to be completed.

Pollution occurs, on the one hand, because the natural environment does not know how to decompose the unnaturally generated elements (i.e., anthropogenic pollutants), and, on the other, there is a lack of knowledge on the part of humans on how to decompose these pollutants artificially.

Why does pollution matter?

It matters first and foremost because it has negative impacts on crucial environmental services such as provision of clean air and clean water (and many others) without which life on Earth as we know it would not exist.


Introduction to Environmental Pollution

Although pollution had been known to exist for a very long time (at least since people started using fire thousands of years ago), it had seen the growth of truly global proportions only since the onset of the industrial revolution during the 19th century.


environmental pollution england 19th century
Environmental Pollution
England, 19th Century
Courtesy: Wikimedia.org


The industrial revolution brought with it technological progress such as discovery of oil and its virtually universal use throughout different industries.

Technological progress facilitated by super efficiency of capitalist business practices (division of labour – cheaper production costs – overproduction – overconsumption – overpollution) had probably become one of the main causes of serious deterioration of natural resources.

At the same time, of course, development of natural sciences led to the better understanding of negative effects produced by pollution on the environment.

Environmental pollution is a problem both in developed and developing countries. Factors such as population growth and urbanization invariably place greater demands on the planet and stretch the use of natural resources to the maximum.

It has been argued that the carrying capacity of Earth is significantly smaller than the demands placed on it by large numbers of human populations. And overuse of natural resources often results in nature’s degradation.


It’s interesting to note that natural resources had been stored virtually untouched in the Earth for millions of years.

But since the start of the industrial revolution vast amounts of these resources had been exploited within a period of just a couple of hundred of years at unimaginable rates, with all the waste from this exploitation going straight in to the environment (air, water, land) and seriously damaging its natural processes.



Types of Environmental Pollution

There are three major types of environmental pollution:

  • Air pollution
  • Water pollution
  • Soil pollution (contamination)

For a list of other pollution types, please see the Types of Pollution article.

Some of the most important air pollutants are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and airborne particles, with radioactive pollutants probably among the most destructive ones (specifically when produced by nuclear explosions).

Please refer to the Summary of Air Pollutants article for a brief overview of sources and effects of air pollutants.

Water pollutants include insecticides and herbicides, food processing waste, pollutants from livestock operations, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metals, chemical waste and others.

Some soil pollutants are: hydrocarbons, solvents and heavy metals.


Sources of Environmental Pollution

Fossil Fuel Sources of Environmental Pollution

Fossil Fuel Pollution
Fossil Fuel Pollution
Photo: Rachel Scopes

In modern industrialized societies, fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal) transcended virtually all imaginable barriers and firmly established themselves in our everyday lives.

Not only do we use fossil fuels for our obvious everyday needs (such as filling a car), as well as in the power-generating industry, they (specifically oil) are also present in such products as all sorts of plastics, solvents, detergents, asphalt, lubricating oils, a wide range of chemicals for industrial use, etc. (8)

Combustion of fossil fuels produces extremely high levels of air pollution and is widely recognized as one of the most important “target” areas for reduction and control of environmental pollution.

Fossil fuels also contribute to soil contamination and water pollution. For example, when oil is transported from the point of its production to further destinations by pipelines, an oil leak from the pipeline may occur and pollute soil and subsequently groundwater. When oil is transported by tankers by ocean, an oil spill may occur and pollute ocean water.

Of course, there are other natural resources whose exploitation is a cause of serious pollution; for example, the use of uranium for nuclear power generation produces extremely dangerous waste that would take thousands of years to neutralize.

But there is no reasonable doubt that fossil fuels are among the most serious sources of environmental pollution.

Power-generating plants and transport are probably the biggest sources of fossil fuel pollution.

Common sources of fossil fuel pollution are: (9)

Industry:

  • Power-generating plants
  • Petroleum refineries
  • Petrochemical plants
  • Production and distribution of fossil fuels
  • Other manufacturing facilities

Transport:

  • Road transport (motor vehicles)
  • Shipping industry
  • Aircraft

Fossil fuel combustion is also a major source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and perhaps the most important cause of global warming. Learn more about the causes and effects of global warming here.


Other (Non-Fossil Fuel) Sources of Environmental Pollution

Among other pollution sources, agriculture (livestock farming) is worth mentioning as the largest generator of ammonia emissions resulting in air pollution. Chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers are also widely used in agriculture, which may lead water pollution and soil contamination as well.

Trading activities may be another source of pollution.

For example, it’s been recently noted that packaging of products sold in supermarkets and other retail outlets is far too excessive and generates large quantities of solid waste that ends up either in landfills or municipal incinerators leading to soil contamination and air pollution.

Residential sector is another significant source of pollution generating solid municipal waste that may end up in landfills or incinerators leading to soil contamination and air pollution.


We discuss air pollution causes in more detail here.


How can we control environmental pollution?

It's clear that fossil fuels are among the biggest sources of pollution. We need to find alternative renewable sources of energy which can replace fossil fuels in the future.

Green investment provides a great platform to explore and develop new and clean sources of energy such as solar electricity.

Building your own solar panels and using diy solar energy systems to meet at least part of your home electricity needs is another emerging opportunity for diy enthusiasts. This can really make a positive difference to the environment and reduce current pollution levels.



Environmental Pollution Effects on Humans, Other Animals & Plants


General Environmental Pollution Effects

Miguel A. Santos notes that a very important aspect of the effect of pollution is its dose (or concentration) required to cause environmental damage. (10)

He defines pollution response as “the change in the effect of a pollutant in response to a change in its concentration”. (11)

In this respect, he identifies 3 different types of response evoked by the environment to different pollution concentrations: (12)

  • Linear effect
  • Greater-than-linear effect
  • Threshold effect

In the linear effect, environmental damage increases linearly with pollution concentrations. In other words, “ the total damage or risk is directly proportional to the accumulated exposure”. (13)

This effect occurs with radioactive substances as well as mercury, lead, cadmium and asbestos.

In the greater-than-linear effect, environmental damage increases with an increase in pollution concentrations but at a decreasing rate. This means that, as pollution concentrations continue to increase the environmental damage will continue to decrease. (14)

This is the case with thermal pollution.

In the threshold effect, pollution produces no effect until a certain threshold in pollution concentrations is achieved. In other words, “so long as a given threshold is not exceeded, the damage from pollution would be completely repaired as quickly as it is produced”. (15)

This effect is found with biodegradable pollutants.

It is also important to mention synergistic effects of pollutants on the environment. While interacting with each other, pollutants can produce greater impacts than when acting individually. (16)

A good example of that is a synergy between asbestos exposure and smoking in causing lung cancer. (17)


There is no doubt that excessive levels of pollution are causing a lot of damage to human & animal health, plants & trees (including tropical rainforests) as well as the wider environment.

All types of environmental pollution – air, water and soil pollution – have an impact on the living environment.

The effects in living organisms may range from mild discomfort to serious diseases such as cancer to physical deformities (for example, extra or missing limbs in frogs).

Experts admit that environmental pollution effects are quite often underestimated and that more research is needed to understand the connections between pollution and its effects on all life forms.


Environmental Pollution Effects on Humans

We know that pollution causes not only physical disabilities but also psychological and behavioral disorders in people.

We are discussing the effects of air pollution and specific air pollutants in more detail in the Air Pollutants article.

The following effects of environmental pollution on humans have been reported:


Air Pollution Philippines
Air Pollution in Philippines
Photo: Jim D Stitch

Air pollution (18, 19)

  • Reduced lung functioning
  • Irritation of eyes, nose, mouth and throat
  • Asthma attacks
  • Respiratory symptoms such as coughing and wheezing
  • Increased respiratory disease such as bronchitis
  • Reduced energy levels
  • Headaches and dizziness
  • Disruption of endocrine, reproductive and immune systems
  • Neurobehavioral disorders
  • Cardiovascular problems
  • Cancer
  • Premature death


We discuss air pollution effects in more detail here.


Water pollution (20)

Waterborne diseases caused by polluted drinking water:

  • Typhoid
  • Amoebiasis
  • Giardiasis
  • Ascariasis
  • Hookworm

Waterborne diseases caused by polluted beach water:

  • Rashes, ear ache, pink eye
  • Respiratory infections
  • Hepatitis, encephalitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea, vomiting, and stomach aches

Conditions related to water polluted by chemicals (such as pesticides, hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals etc):

  • Cancer, incl. prostate cancer and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Hormonal problems that can disrupt reproductive and developmental processes
  • Damage to the nervous system
  • Liver and kidney damage
  • Damage to the DNA
  • Exposure to mercury (heavy metal):
    • In the womb: may cause neurological problems including slower reflexes, learning deficits, delayed or incomplete mental development, autism and brain damage
    • In adults: Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and even death

Other notes:

  • Water pollution may also result from interactions between water and contaminated soil, as well as from deposition of air contaminants (such as acid rain)
  • Damage to people may be caused by fish foods coming from polluted water (a well known example is high mercury levels in fish)
  • Damage to people may be caused by vegetable crops grown / washed with polluted water (author’s own conclusion)

Soil contamination (21)

  • Causes cancers including leukaemia
  • Lead in soil is especially hazardous for young children causing developmental damage to the brain
  • Mercury can increase the risk of kidney damage; cyclodienes can lead to liver toxicity
  • Causes neuromuscular blockage as well as depression of the central nervous system
  • Also causes headaches, nausea, fatigue, eye irritation and skin rash

Other notes:

  • Contact with contaminated soil may be direct (from using parks, schools etc) or indirect (by inhaling soil contaminants which have vaporized)
  • Soil contamination may also result from secondary contamination of water supplies and from deposition of air contaminants (for example, via acid rain)
  • Contamination of crops grown in polluted soil brings up problems with food security
  • Since it is closely linked to water pollution, many effects of soil contamination appear to be similar to the ones caused by water contamination

An Extreme Oil Pollution Case

Pollution of pristine Ecuador rainforest by Texaco / Chevron oil corporation represents perhaps one of the most outrageous cases of oil pollution ever.

Some levels of pollutants left by the company on its sites of oil exploration have been calculated to exceed the US safety standards by as much as 1,000 times, causing such side effects as children born with fused fingers and deformed eyes, high cancer rates, etc.

For more details, check out the Oil Pollution of Ecuador Rainforest article.


Environmental Pollution Effects on Animals

Air Pollution (22)

  • Acid rain (formed in the air) destroys fish life in lakes and streams
  • Excessive ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun through the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere which is eroded by some air pollutants, may cause skin cancer in wildlife
  • Ozone in the lower atmosphere may damage lung tissues of animals

Water Pollution (23)

  • Nutrient pollution (nitrogen, phosphates etc) causes overgrowth of toxic algae eaten by other aquatic animals, and may cause death; nutrient pollution can also cause outbreaks of fish diseases
  • Chemical contamination can cause declines in frog biodiversity and tadpole mass
  • Oil pollution (as part of chemical contamination) can negatively affect development of marine organisms, increase susceptibility to disease and affect reproductive processes; can also cause gastrointestinal irritation, liver and kidney damage, and damage to the nervous system
  • Mercury in water can cause abnormal behavior, slower growth and development, reduced reproduction, and death
  • Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may cause declines, deformities and death of fish life
  • Too much sodium chloride (ordinary salt) in water may kill animals (24)

Other notes:

  • We also assume that some higher forms of non-aquatic animals may have similar effects from water pollution as those experienced by humans, as described above (author’s own conclusion)

Soil Contamination (25)

  • Can alter metabolism of microorganisms and arthropods in a given soil environment; this may destroy some layers of the primary food chain, and thus have a negative effect on predator animal species
  • Small life forms may consume harmful chemicals which may then be passed up the food chain to larger animals; this may lead to increased mortality rates and even animal extinction

Environmental Pollution Effects on Trees and Plants

Air Pollution (26)

  • Acid rain can kill trees, destroy the leaves of plants, can infiltrate soil by making it unsuitable for purposes of nutrition and habitation
  • Ozone holes in the upper atmosphere can allow excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun to enter the Earth causing damage to trees and plants
  • Ozone in the lower atmosphere can prevent plant respiration by blocking stomata (openings in leaves) and negatively affecting plants’ photosynthesis rates which will stunt plant growth; ozone can also decay plant cells directly by entering stomata

Water Pollution

  • May disrupt photosynthesis in aquatic plants and thus affecting ecosystems that depend on these plants (27)
  • Terrestrial and aquatic plants may absorb pollutants from water (as their main nutrient source) and pass them up the food chain to consumer animals and humans
  • Plants may be killed by too much sodium chloride (ordinary slat) in water (28)
  • Plants may be killed by mud from construction sites as well as bits of wood and leaves, clay and other similar materials (29)
  • Plants may be killed by herbicides in water; herbicides are chemicals which are most harmful to plants (30)

Soil Contamination

  • May alter plant metabolism and reduce crop yields (31)
  • Trees and plants may absorb soil contaminants and pass them up the food chain

Environmental Pollution Effects on Wider Environment

Apart from destroying the aquatic life in lakes and streams, acid rain can also corrode metals, damage surfaces of buildings and monuments, and cause soil acidification.

Pollution of water may cause oxygen depletion in marine environments and severely affect the health of whole ecosystems. (32)


Environmental Pollution - Conclusion

Environmental pollution is causing a lot of distress not only to humans but also animals, driving many animal species to endangerment and even extinction.


The transboundary nature of environmental pollution makes it even more difficult to manage – you cannot build stone walls along the borders of your country or put customs cabins at every point of entry to regulate its flows into your country.

Everything on our planet is interconnected, and while the nature supplies us with valuable environmental services without which we cannot exist, we all depend on each other’s actions and the way we treat natural resources.

It’s widely recognised that we are hugely overspending our current budget of natural resources – at the existing rates of its exploitation, there is no way for the environment to recover in good time and continue “performing” well in the future.

Perhaps we should adopt a holistic view of nature – it is not an entity that exists separately from us; the nature is us, we are an inalienable part of it, and we should care for it in the most appropriate manner. Only then can we possibly solve the problem of environmental pollution.



What is the way forward?

The nature is not going to survive the demands that we currently place on it, for much longer.

We certainly need to get our act together and stop using dirty technologies.

Investing in green technologies may help us sort out the environmental chaos we are in.

reference:

http://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Environmental-Pollution.html

48 comments:

  1. we must give value or we must appreciate the environment in a simple way,by the compliance of the law,in which to stop the bad/negative things that can result in damaging in the environment.All of us educated or the non-educated persons are responsible to the environment,because environment is the one who give life to us ,and we must appreciate that.

    ReplyDelete
  2. as part of a community we must be the one to protect our environment, because this elements is our tool to survive. air and water is the most important natural human needs. and people should aware what are the consequence of damaging our environment. and educate people to take care of our surroundings even in a simple way.

    ReplyDelete
  3. As an individual we are supposed to have an action about this environmental issue in entire world. Putting some action as a youth my prevent and help the environment to recover. Planting trees is the best way we can do . We should stop converting forest into urban instead we should put trees in an urbanized place in order to make it balance and to avoid pollution. We need more trees to plant as ratio as 1:10. we need to work for it because it is a serious problem.

    ReplyDelete
  4. We, human beings benefit on the resources that are provided by the earth. As time passes by these resources are becoming scarce because of our bad practices. In order to lessen the impact of damage, we must be aware and take actions that will help restore our earth.

    ReplyDelete
  5. We depend on our environment for us to survive and live. It is where we get our sources for houses, clothes and especially our food and drink. We should value the importance of having these resources by using it in accordance because we only depend on Mother Earth and if she punishes us because of our undisciplined doing, we are so helpless.
    Human activities are the main factor that contributes pollution on Earth. Smoke belching; cigarette smoking, throwing garbage anywhere, dumping chemicals on the river, and etc. are the daily routine of some individual around the world and even you. These are the reasons why we are suffering from air, water and soil pollution and the only one to blame with this is us and only us. We are responsible of why these things happened and we are also have to find solutions to solve these problems and it should start on our very own self (discipline yourself) and start it at home and everywhere you go. It can be little by little like throwing garbage in the trash ca or proper waste segregation, recycle recyclable materials, plant trees or flowers at your backyard, walk or ride a bicycle if your going near places like going to market, and a lot of more. This little by little ways can be a big contribute if every one of us will cooperate and care for our environment.
    REMEMBER THAT WE HAVE TO DO IT NOT BECAUSE THE ENVIRONMENT NEEDS IT BUT BECAUSE WE NEED OUR ENVIRONMENT.

    ReplyDelete
  6. The industrial age has brought development in our life, making our daily routines easier and convenient. However it has also disadvantages which brings bad effects to us and to our environment. We cannot stop pollution but the least we can do is to minimize our consumption of products such as plastic because we all know that these are not easy to decompose.

    ReplyDelete
  7. People could no longer deny that the environment was becoming increasingly polluted, and that the supply of natural resources was diminishing. Some measures had to be taken. Conservation is the practice of preserving and protecting the natural environment and it's resources. The important thing to do is to keep the environment in balance. Only a limited amount of resources exist in the environment, thus, it can support only a certain number of organisms. If the balance becomes upset due to pollution, misuse of resources, or overpopulation, the natural resources may become scarce. It is important that people learn how to conserve them and use them wisely. Pollution prevention begins at home. God Bless us all!

    ReplyDelete
  8. this blog site contains the necessary information about the cause and effects of pollution to countries. your blog site would serve as an eye-opener to all individuals that there is a need for us to preserve & protect the environment because this is our duty as human beings

    ReplyDelete
  9. Your blog is so inspiring.. This will awaken the minds of every reader. I hope I can make my own blog too . JOB WELL DONE..it inspires me on how you care for our environment..Keep it up.God bless you.

    ReplyDelete
  10. Actions speaks louder that words..so lets walk our talk,,..Change we need..lets not be a burden to the environment because environment exist even we dont..

    ReplyDelete
  11. This blog can help people realize how critical mother earth now a adays.All of us should be responsible to the things we do to our nature.Remember nature is the number one source of food we used to eat, the close we used to dress up, shelter we used to live in.Inshort it is the major provider for us to live and survive.Environment is the one who give us life.Threfore we must appreciate, respect, love,and take good care our mother earth.And become aware to the things happened now adays.take action immediately to reduce or stop the bad and negative things we made to our environment before we realize that its too late for us to do action.and when there are many people hit, die or get already

    ReplyDelete
  12. From the word ENVIRONMENT it refers to our surroundings and the factors, just like air, water and land, which have been an influence for our development. But as we are developing for a convenient world we forgot to give importance on it. Furthermore we are making technologies without distinguishing its effects to our environment. That is how we came up with our environmental pollution issues today. By abusive using of those technologies we are also destroying our environment.
    With this kind of blog, the author was not just awakening the unconscious people over the Earth. But she is also helping the Earth to bring back its life. Applaud for the author of this blog. :-)

    ReplyDelete
  13. We as a student, we must encourage and educate other people on how to care of our environment,in this simple ways we can prevent and avoid the destruction of our environment. This blog influences us and give us some additional knowledge about our environment.

    We all know that our environment is already deteriorating, and we all know that the environment is our crucial needs to survive, so let us promote the environmental awareness to avoid the destruction of our environment.

    ReplyDelete
  14. As an individual who is living in the planet earth we should be responsible enough on our daily activities in life,we should take care our environment so that the next generation can able to see how beautiful is the planet earth..i hope that this blog can open our heart and eyes to protect our environment not just for our self but for the other people also.
    A simple way of reading this blog can help us to realize how the environment is important to us as a people as a son and daughter of GOD.

    ReplyDelete
  15. Here on planet Earth, people use consumer products to aid in their daily tasks. Unfortunately, the natural environment is systematically damaged through the manufacture and waste of many of these products. Smoke and fumes emitted by factories build up in our atmosphere, trapping more heat from the sun's rays. Improper disposal of waste poisons the environment, disrupting natural ecosystems. Environment is everything that surrounds us, including not just living but also non living materials. And when certain pollutants enter our environment we are then talking about the environmental pollution. When talking about the environmental pollution we need to know that this isn't something that has been only happening in the last century or so, the history of pollution is almost as old as humans are, although today with rapidly growing human population our environment, and our planet in general, is more polluted than ever before.
    Fighting against environmental pollution isn't easy, not only because environmental pollution has so many different forms but also because the fight against pollution means in most cases environment vs industry, where environment is almost always on the losing side.

    ReplyDelete
  16. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  17. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  18. We humans are the care taker of this planet Earth which gives us shelter and food to live. But it seems we don't give importance to this planet because of our greediness and selfishness that we don't even think the future of next generations but instead we think how to get rich and wealthy that lead us ruin the environment and its resources.

    As a citizen and living in this planet we should be aware and be responsible enough to our environment. Air pollution is not a new issue in today's topic. Many individuals, groups and NGO as very kin with this topics as an individual we have to do our share on saving our mother earth such as turning off appliances and other gadgets when not in use, though these small act, there is already a big thing on saving our planet Earth.

    In this regard we should be active in promoting on how to save mother Earth, do health teaching to the young ones on how to conserve and responsible enough so that next generations can still benefit mother Earth, pollutants can harm our health. As individual we should do our part in saving environment because pollutant is a worldwide problem, thus we should help hand in hand to promote and save our Earth for the future generations.

    ( Era Limosnero )

    ReplyDelete
  19. This site, is a tool to awaken the mind of people on how to care and preserve the environment for the future generations. we should be aware in the environmental issues that we encountered everyday. We are the creations of god, including the environment. remember, prevention is better than cure

    ReplyDelete
  20. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  21. This blogspot has great influence to us persons to be informed and aware about the serious problems encountering in our society today. As we go on in our lives, we should know our responsibility and be responsible enough to be a steward in our own environment.

    We are dependent in our environment, what actions we did on it will always reflect on us. We should start living in a righteous way and start to preserve and protect our environment. People in the next generation do also depends on us. We should let them experience the wonders of this nature and let them educate on the proper taking care of the environment.

    Daryl Louie Onlayao

    ReplyDelete
  22. this blog will help us to be more knowledgeable on what is happening in our environment.We must take good care of it.

    ReplyDelete
  23. This blog is a great help for us to know more what kind of products or activities that can harm to our environment that can lead to pollution..

    ReplyDelete
  24. Through this blog we humans were encourage to be educate on how our environment is being polluted nowdays. It is illustrated on how our environment is affected in some kind of pollution. We human must take an action on it, for us to protected and to have a healthy living.

    ReplyDelete
  25. this blog give us the information about the problem of our environment, and for me as a student it awake my mind that we need to take care our
    remaining forests for the next generation.

    ReplyDelete
  26. Your blog contains a lot f significant information that help us humans realize how important and how we must or should value and take good care of our environment.

    ReplyDelete
  27. Thank you for another great article. Where else could anyone get that kind of information in such a perfect way of writing? I have a presentation next week, and I am on the look for such information

    Ozone Waste Water Treatment & Ozone Generator

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  28. Excellent read, I just passed this onto a colleague who was doing a little research on this topic. And he actually bought me lunch because I found it for him. So I should thank you for the free lunch I got.

    Sewage Water Treatment USA & MBBR wastewater plant

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  29. Its always an importanat issues but we just tend to ignored it. However, as one writter as highlighted we do woe this to ourself and our future generation. It is imperative for we human beings, not to act selfishly while we live our time on planet earth.

    ReplyDelete

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